When to use this
The first cold week of the season, when bottles stop coming to practice because nobody feels thirsty.
- Winter athletes are showing headaches, dark urine, or flat afternoon sessions.
- Bottles sit unopened through indoor training and layered outdoor runs.
- The team's hydration routine quietly retired along with the summer heat.
Evidence sources
These references support the handout’s general education. Individual medical, supplement, laboratory, or injury questions should be handled by the appropriate qualified clinician.
- Sawka MN, Burke LM, Eichner ER, et al. (2007) ACSM position stand: Exercise and fluid replacement. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(2):377-390.
- McDermott BP, Anderson SA, Armstrong LE, et al.(2017) National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement: Fluid replacement for the physically active.
Where to go next
